The Israeli Air Force (IAF) achieved the first operational interception of a ballistic missile threat on October 31, 2023, in the Red Sea region, without the threat reaching Israeli airspace. This operation was part of “Swords of Iron,” a campaign reported by the Israeli Ministry of Defense.
The interception occurred amid heightened regional tensions and ongoing threats from militant groups. Although the specific details of the intercepted threat have not been disclosed, the event underscores the need for Israel to maintain strategic vigilance and a robust defense capability.
The Arrow system is an anti-ballistic missile developed and manufactured by Israel Aerospace Industries in collaboration with Boeing. Operational since 2000 within the Israeli Defense Forces, it has been deployed in notable incidents such as the Israel-Syria incident in March 2017 and more recently in the 2023 conflict with Hamas.
Weighing between 1,300 and 3,500 kilograms, depending on whether it is alone or in its sealed launch container, the missile has a total length of up to 7 meters, with different sections for the booster, sustainer, and interceptor vehicle. The missile’s diameter varies by stage, with a wider first stage for a powerful initial thrust.
The system has a 150 kg directed fragmentation warhead designed to explode near the target, thereby maximizing damage against the enemy missile. The detonation is controlled by a proximity fuse, ensuring that the explosion occurs at the optimal moment for interception.